WALEYS, John [Johannis Gallensis]. Communiloquium sive sum[m]a collationum Johannis gallensis
Strassburg, [Georg Husner], 1489
One of the first printed books on chess. The long passage on chess serves as a moral lesson or warning to statesmen. The section on chess is found in Part 1, Distinction 10, Chapter 7 (here folio e5vr and e6). In typical medieval chess symbolism, the author compares life to a game of chess: “Mundus iste totus quoddam scaccarium est, cuius unus punctus est albus et alius niger” [in the second column e6r) (the whole world is a chessboard of black and white checkers), concluding with the warning that if a man falls into sin, “in isto scaccio dyabolus dicit eschack” (in this game of chess the devil says check, e6v). He describes the moves of the pieces in symbolic terms, explaining that the King can move in all directions because his will is law, etc. The Queen, according to medieval rules of the game, is described as having only one diagonal move.
The work, a collection of excerpts intended to provide moral lessons and examples for the edification of both rich and poor, is divided into seven parts, each offering admonitions to a different social group, including princes, clergy, and scholars. Separate passages address the education of students, priests, and physicians. The final part discusses the aspects of death and how one should prepare for it.
Johannes Gallensis, or John of Wales, born John Waleys, died around 1285, was a Franciscan theologian who taught at the universities of Oxford and Paris. He wrote several works in Latin, primarily teaching aids for preaching, which achieved great success in the late 13th century.
IGI 5269; BMC I, p. 138; Goff J 332; GW M13987; Hain-Copinger 7444; ISTC ij00332000; Proctor 649.
Prestigious provenance. This copy belonged to Lothar Schmid, 1928–2013, a German chess grandmaster and collector of chess books. He is best remembered as the chief arbiter in several World Chess Championship matches, particularly the 1972 match between Bobby Fischer and Boris Spassky in Reykjavik.
For L. Schmid, see The Oxford Companion to Chess, 1984, pp. 297–98.
Small folio. 259 x 193 mm. Modern vellum binding with squares, green silk ties, new endpapers. Leaves [79]. Collation: a8 b–n6. Lacking final blank n6). Gothic type, text in 2 columns, 52 lines plus headline, spaces for rubricated initials. Ex Libris on the inside cover by Lothar Schmid, Chess Grandmaster. Some slight spotting, fine copy with wide margins.